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โญ Group_Study/Operating System

[9์ฃผ์ฐจ] Disk System

by ํฌ์ŠคํŠธ์‰์ดํฌ 2023. 1. 26.

Disk System

Disk System

Disk Pack

โœ” ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ ์˜๊ตฌ ์ €์žฅ ์žฅ์น˜ (๋น„ํœ˜๋ฐœ์„ฑ)

โœ” ๊ตฌ์„ฑ

  • Sector
    • ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ ์ €์žฅ/ํŒ๋…์˜๋ฌผ๋ฆฌ์  ๋‹จ์œ„
  • Track
    • Platter ํ•œ ๋ฉด์—์„œ ์ค‘์‹ฌ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ์— ์žˆ๋Š” sector๋“ค์˜ ์ง‘ํ•ฉ
  • Cylinder
    • ๊ฐ™์€ ๋ฐ˜์ง€๋ฆ„์„ ๊ฐ–๋Š” track์˜ ์ง‘ํ•ฉ
  • Platter
    • ์–‘๋ฉด์— ์ž์„ฑ ๋ฌผ์งˆ์„ ์ž…ํžŒ ์›ํ˜• ๊ธˆ์†ํŒ
    • ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ ๊ธฐ๋ก/ํŒ๋…์ด ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•œ ๊ธฐ๋ก ๋งค์ฒด
  • Surface
    • Platter์˜ ์œ—๋ฉด๊ณผ ์•„๋žซ๋ฉด

Disk Drive

โœ” Disk pack์— ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ๋กํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ํŒ๋…ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก ๊ตฌ์„ฑ๋œ ์žฅ์น˜

โœ” ๊ตฌ์„ฑ

  • Head
    • ๋””์Šคํฌ ํ‘œํ˜„์— ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ๋ก/ํŒ๋…
  • Arm
    • Head๋ฅผ ๊ณ ์ •/์ง€ํƒฑ
  • Positioner (boom)
    • Arm์„ ์ง€ํƒฑ
    • Head๋ฅผ ์›ํ•˜๋Š” track์œผ๋กœ ์ด๋™
  • Spindle
    • Disk pack์„ ๊ณ ์ •(ํšŒ์ „์ถ•)
    • ๋ถ„๋‹น ํšŒ์ „ ์ˆ˜ (RPM: revolutions per minute)

Disk Address

โœ” Physical disk address

  • sector(๋ฌผ๋ฆฌ์  ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ ์ „์†ก ๋‹จ์œ„)๋ฅผ ์ง€์ •

โœ” Logical disk address: relative address

  • Disk system์˜ ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ ์ „์ฒด๋ฅผ block๋“ค์˜ ๋‚˜์—ด๋กœ ์ทจ๊ธ‰
    • Block์— ๋ฒˆํ˜ธ ๋ถ€์—ฌ
    • ์ž„์˜์˜ block์— ์ ‘๊ทผ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ
  • Block ๋ฒˆํ˜ธ -> physical address ๋ชจ๋“ˆ ํ•„์š” (disk driver)
    • B_0, B_1, B_2 ... B_(n-2), B_(n-1)

Disk address mapping

Data Access in Disk System

  1. Seek time
    • ๋””์Šคํฌ head๋ฅผ ํ•„์š”ํ•œ cylinder๋กœ ์ด๋™ํ•˜๋Š” ์‹œ๊ฐ„
  2. Rotational delay
    • (1 ์ดํ›„๋ถ€ํ„ฐ) ํ•„์š”ํ•œ sector๊ฐ€ head์œ„์น˜๋กœ ๋„์ฐฉํ•˜๋Š” ์‹œ๊ฐ„
  3. Data transmission time
    • (2 ์ดํ›„๋ถ€ํ„ฐ) ํ•ด๋‹น sector๋ฅผ ์ฝ์–ด์„œ ์ „์†ก(or ๊ธฐ๋ก)ํ•˜๋Š” ์‹œ๊ฐ„

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