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[5์ฃผ์ฐจ] Memory Management - Fixed Partition Multiprogramming

by ํฌ์ŠคํŠธ์‰์ดํฌ 2023. 1. 3.

Memory Management - Fixed Partition Multiprogramming

Memory Allocation

โœ” Continuous Memory Allocaiotn(์—ฐ์† ํ• ๋‹น)

  • Uni-programming
  • Multi-programmoing
    • Fixed partition(FPM)
    • Variable partition(VPM)

โœ” Non-continuous Memory Allocation(๋น„์—ฐ์† ํ• ๋‹น)

  • Chapter.9

Continuous Memory Allocation

โœ” ํ”„๋กœ์„ธ์Šค (context)๋ฅผ ํ•˜๋‚˜์˜ ์—ฐ์†๋œ ๋ฉ”๋ชจ๋ฆฌ ๊ณต๊ฐ„์— ํ• ๋‹นํ•˜๋Š” ์ •์ฑ…

  • ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ, ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ, ์Šคํƒ ๋“ฑ

โœ” ๋ฉ”๋ชจ๋ฆญ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ ์ •์ฑ…

  • ๋™์‹œ์— ์˜ฌ๋ผ๊ฐˆ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ํ”„๋กœ์„ธ์Šค ์ˆ˜(Multiprogramming degree)
  • ๊ฐ ํ”„๋กœ์„ธ์Šค์—๊ฒŒ ํ• ๋‹น๋˜๋Š” ๋ฉ”๋ชจ๋ฆฌ ๊ณต๊ฐ„ ํฌ๊ธฐ
  • ๋ฉ”๋ชจ๋ฆฌ ๋ถ„ํ•  ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•

  1. Uni-programming
  2. Multi-programmoing
    • Fixed partition(FPM)
    • Variable partition(VPM)

Uni-Programming

โœ” ํ•˜๋‚˜์˜ ํ”„๋กœ์„ธ์Šค๋งŒ ๋ฉ”๋ชจ๋ฆฌ ์ƒ์— ์กด์žฌ
โœ” ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๊ฐ„๋‹จํ•œ ๋ฉ”๋ชจ๋ฆฌ ๊ด€๋ฆฌ ๊ธฐ๋ฒ•

๋ฌธ์ œ์  1: ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์˜ ํฌ๊ธฐ > ๋ฉ”๋ชจ๋ฆฌ ํฌ๊ธฐ

โœ” ํ•ด๊ฒฐ๋ฒ•: Overlay Structure

  • ๋ฉ”๋ชจ๋ฆฌ์— ํ˜„์žฌ ํ•„์š”ํ•œ ์˜์—ญ๋งŒ ์ ์žฌ
  • ์‚ฌ์šฉ์ž๊ฐ€ ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์˜ ํ๋ฆ„ ๋ฐ ์ž๋ฃŒ๊ตฌ์กฐ๋ฅผ ๋ชจ๋‘ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ์–ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค.

๋ฌธ์ œ์  2: ์ปค๋„(Kernel) ๋ณดํ˜ธ

โœ” ํ•ด๊ฒฐ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•: ๊ฒฝ๊ณ„ ๋ ˆ์ง€์Šคํ„ฐ(Boundary register) ์‚ฌ์šฉ

๋ฌธ์ œ์  3

โœ” Low system resource utilization
โœ” Low system performance

โœ” ํ•ด๊ฒฐ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•: Multi programming

Multi-Programming (Fixed Partition Multiprogramming)

โœ” ๋ฉ”๋ชจ๋ฆฌ ๊ณต๊ฐ„์„ ๊ณ ์ •๋œ ํฌ๊ธฐ๋กœ ๋ถ„ํ• 

  • ๋ฏธ๋ฆฌ ๋ถ„ํ• ๋˜์–ด ์žˆ๋‹ค

โœ” ๊ฐ ํ”„๋กœ์„ธ์Šค๋Š” ํ•˜๋‚˜์˜ partition(๋ถ„ํ• )์— ์ ์žฌ

  • Process : Partition = 1:1

โœ” Partition์˜ ์ˆ˜ = K

  • Multiprogramming degree = K

์ž๋ฃŒ๊ตฌ์กฐ์˜ ์˜ˆ

์ปค๋„ ๋ฐ ์‚ฌ์šฉ์ž ์˜์—ญ ๋ณดํ˜ธ

โœ” ์˜์—ญ ์นจ๋ฒ” ๋ฐฉ์ง€

Fragmentation (๋‹จํŽธํ™”)

โœ” Internal fragmentation

  • ๋‚ด๋ถ€ ๋‹จํŽธํ™”
  • Partition ํฌ๊ธฐ > Process ํฌ๊ธฐ
    • ๋ฉ”๋ชจ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋‚ญ๋น„ ๋œ๋‹ค

โœ” External fragmentation

  • ์™ธ๋ถ€ ๋‹จํŽธํ™”
  • (๋‚จ์€ ๋ฉ”๋ชจ๋ฆฌ ํฌ๊ธฐ > Process ํฌ๊ธฐ)์ง€๋งŒ, ์—ฐ์†๋œ ๊ณต๊ฐ„์ด ์•„๋‹˜
    • ๋ฉ”๋ชจ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋‚ญ๋น„ ๋œ๋‹ค

์š”์•ฝ

โœ” ๊ณ ์ •๋œ ํฌ๊ธฐ๋กœ ๋ฉ”๋ชจ๋ฆฌ ๋ฏธ๋ฆฌ ๋ถ„ํ• 
โœ” ๋ฉ”๋ชจ๋ฆฌ ๊ด€๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ„ํŽธํ•จ(Low overhead)
โœ” ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ ์ž์›์ด ๋‚ญ๋น„ ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Œ (๋‹จํŽธํ™”)

๋Œ“๊ธ€