๋ณธ๋ฌธ ๋ฐ”๋กœ๊ฐ€๊ธฐ

โญ Group_Study70

[2์ฃผ์ฐจ] Scheduling Algorithms ์Šค์ผ€์ค„๋ง ์•Œ๊ณ ๋ฆฌ์ฆ˜ FCFS (First-Come-First-Service) โœ” Non-preemptive scheduling โœ” ์Šค์ผ€์ค„๋ง ๊ธฐ์ค€ ๋„์ฐฉ์‹œ๊ฐ„ (ready queue ๊ธฐ์ค€) ๋จผ์ € ๋„์ฐฉํ•œ ํ”„๋กœ์„ธ์Šค๋ฅผ ๋จผ์ € ์ฒ˜๋ฆฌ โœ” ์ž์›์„ ํšจ์œจ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ (high resource utilization): scheduling overhead๊ฐ€ ์ ์Œ โœ” Batch system์— ์ ํ•ฉ, interactive system์— ๋ถ€์ ํ•ฉ โœ” ๋‹จ์  Convouy effect: ํ•˜๋‚˜์˜ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์ด ๊ธด ํ”„๋กœ์„ธ์Šค์— ์˜ํ•ด ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ํ”„๋กœ์„ธ์Šค๋“ค์ด ๊ธด ๋Œ€๊ธฐ์‹œ๊ฐ„์„ ๊ฐ–๊ฒŒ ๋˜๋Š” ํ˜„์ƒ(๋Œ€๊ธฐ์‹œ๊ฐ„ >> ์‹คํ–‰์‹œ๊ฐ„) ๊ธด ํ‰๊ท  ์‘๋‹ต์‹œ๊ฐ„(response time) RR (Round Robin) โœ” Preemptive scheduling โœ” ์Šค์ผ€์ค„๋ง ๊ธฐ์ค€ ๋„์ฐฉ.. 2022. 12. 14.
[2์ฃผ์ฐจ] Process Scheduling ํ”„๋กœ์„ธ์Šค ์Šค์ผ€์ค„๋ง ๋‹ค์ค‘ ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋ž˜๋ฐ(Multi - Programming) โœ” ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ๊ฐœ์˜ ํ”„๋กœ์„ธ์Šค๊ฐ€ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ ๋‚ด์— ์กด์žฌ โœ” ์Šค์ผ€์ค„๋ง(Scheduling): ์ž์›์„ ํ• ๋‹นํ•  ํ”„๋กœ์„ธ์Šค ์„ ํƒ โœ” ์ž์› ๊ด€๋ฆฌ ์‹œ๊ฐ„๋ถ„ํ• (time sharing)๊ด€๋ฆฌ ํ•˜๋‚˜์˜ ์ž์›์„ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ์Šค๋ ˆ๋“œ๋“ค์ด ๋ฒˆ๊ฐˆ์•„ ๊ฐ€๋ฉฐ ์‚ฌ์šฉ ํ”„๋กœ์„ธ์Šค ์Šค์ผ€์ค„๋ง(Process Sheduling) ๊ณต๊ฐ„๋ถ„ํ• (space sharing)๊ด€๋ฆฌ ํ•˜๋‚˜์˜ ์ž์›์„ ๋ถ„ํ• ํ•˜์—ฌ ๋™์‹œ์— ์‚ฌ์šฉ ex: ๋ฉ”๋ชจ๋ฆฌ ์Šค์ผ€์ค„๋ง์˜ ๋ชฉ์  โœ” ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์˜ ์„ฑ๋Šฅ(Performance) ํ–ฅ์ƒ โœ” ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ ์„ฑ๋Šฅ ์ง€ํ‘œ(idx) ์‘๋‹ต์‹œ๊ฐ„ (response time) ์ž‘์—… ์š”์ฒญ(submission)์œผ๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์‘๋‹ต์„ ๋ฐ›์„ ๋•Œ๊นŒ์ง€์˜ ์‹œ๊ฐ„ interactive system, real-time system ์ž‘์—… ์ฒ˜๋ฆฌ๋Ÿ‰(throughpu.. 2022. 12. 13.
[2์ฃผ์ฐจ] Thread Management Thread Management ํ”„๋กœ์„ธ์Šค(Process)์™€ ์Šค๋ ˆ๋“œ(Thread) โœ” ํ”„๋กœ์„ธ์Šค๋Š” ์ž์›์„ ํ• ๋‹น๋ฐ›์•„ ๋ชฉํ‘œ๋ฅผ ์ด๋ฃจ๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ํ• ๋‹น๋ฐ›์€ ์ž์›์„ ์ œ์–ดํ•œ๋‹ค. โœ” ์ž์›์˜ ์ œ์–ด ๊ณผ์ •์„ ์Šค๋ ˆ๋“œ(Thread)๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ถ€๋ฅธ๋‹ค โœ” ์Šค๋ ˆ๋“œ๋Š” ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ๊ฐœ๊ฐ€ ์กด์žฌ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค(์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ๊ฐœ์˜ ์ž์›์„ ํ• ๋‹น๋ฐ›์•„ ๊ฐ๊ฐ ์ œ์–ดํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Œ) ์Šค๋ ˆ๋“œ(Thread)์˜ ๊ฐœ๋… โœ” SP: stack pointer โœ” PC: program counter โœ” ์ง€์—ญ ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ: ์ œ์–ด๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•ด ์‚ฌ์šฉ (ํŠน์ • ์ง€์—ญ์—์„œ๋งŒ ์œ ํšจํ•œ ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ) โœ” ์Šคํƒ(Stack): ์ง€์—ญ ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ ์ €์žฅ โœ” Resource๋Š” ๊ณต์œ ํ•œ๋‹ค ํ•˜๋‚˜์˜ resource๋ฅผ ์ œ์–ดํ•˜๋Š” ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ๊ฐœ์˜ process๊ฐ€ ์กด์žฌํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค โœ” ๊ฐ thread๋งˆ๋‹ค ์ž๊ธฐ๋งŒ์˜ ์ž‘์—… ์˜์—ญ(Stack)์„ ํ• ๋‹น๋ฐ›๋Š”๋‹ค โœ” ๊ฐ์ž์˜ PC(p.. 2022. 12. 12.
[1์ฃผ์ฐจ] Process Management: Interrupt, Context Switching Process Management: Interrupt, Context Switching ์ธํ„ฐ๋ŸฝํŠธ (Interrupt) โœ” ์˜ˆ์ƒ์น˜ ๋ชปํ•œ, ์™ธ๋ถ€์—์„œ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•œ ์ด๋ฒคํŠธ Unexpected, external events โœ” ์ธํ„ฐ๋ŸฝํŠธ์˜ ์ข…๋ฅ˜ I/O interrupt (ํ‚ค๋ณด๋“œ, ๋งˆ์šฐ์Šค ์ž…๋ ฅ) Clock interrupt (CPU์˜ ํด๋ฝ) Console interrupt Program Check interrupt Machine Check interrupt Inter-process interrupt System Call interrupt ์ธํ„ฐ๋ŸฝํŠธ ์ฒ˜๋ฆฌ ๊ณผ์ • โœ” ์ธํ„ฐ๋ŸฝํŠธ๊ฐ€ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ–ˆ์„ ๋•Œ ์ผ๋‹จ ์ปค๋„์ด ๊ฐœ์ž…ํ•ด์„œ ํ”„๋กœ์„ธ์Šค๋ฅผ ์ค‘๋‹จํ•˜๊ณ  ์ธํ„ฐ๋ŸฝํŠธ๋ฅผ ์ฒ˜๋ฆฌํ•œ๋‹ค! โœ” ์ธํ„ฐ๋ŸฝํŠธ ์ฒ˜๋ฆฌ(interrupt handling): ์ธํ„ฐ๋ŸฝํŠธ ๋ถ„์„ํ•ด์„œ ์‹คํ–‰.. 2022. 12. 7.
[1์ฃผ์ฐจ] Process Management Process Management Job vs Process โœ” ์ž‘์—…(job) / ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ (Program) ์‹คํ–‰ ํ•  ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ + ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ ์ปดํ“จํ„ฐ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์— ์‹คํ–‰ ์š”์ฒญ ์ „์˜ ์ƒํƒœ โœ” ํ”„๋กœ์„ธ์Šค(Process) ์‹คํ–‰์„ ์œ„ํ•ด ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ ์ปค๋„์— ๋“ฑ๋ก๋œ ์ž‘์—… ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ ์„ฑ๋Šฅ ํ–ฅ์ƒ์„ ์œ„ํ•ด ์ปคํ„ธ์— ์˜ํ•ด ๊ด€๋ฆฌ๋จ ํ”„๋กœ์„ธ์Šค์˜ ์ •์˜ โœ” ์‹คํ–‰์ค‘์ธ ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ ์ปค๋„์— ๋“ฑ๋ก๋˜๊ณ  ์ปค๋„์˜ ๊ด€๋ฆฌ ํ•˜์— ์žˆ๋Š” ์ž‘์—… ๊ฐ์ข… ์ž์›๋“ค์„ ์š”์ฒญํ•˜๊ณ  ํ• ๋‹น ๋ฐ›์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฐœ์ฒด ํ”„๋กœ์„ธ์Šค ๊ด€๋ฆฌ ๋ธ”๋ก (PCB)์„ ํ• ๋‹น ๋ฐ›์€ ๊ฐœ์ฒด ๋Šฅ๋™์ ์ธ ๊ฐœ์ฒด(active entity): ์‹คํ–‰ ์ค‘์— ๊ฐ์ข… ์ž์›์„ ์š”๊ตฌ, ํ• ๋‹น, ๋ฐ˜๋‚ฉํ•˜๋ฉฐ ์ง„ํ–‰ โœ” Process Control Block(PCB) ์ปค๋„ ๊ณต๊ฐ„ (kernel space) ๋‚ด์— ์กด์žฌ ๊ฐ ํ”„๋กœ์„ธ์Šค๋“ค์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ •๋ณด ๊ด€๋ฆฌ ํ”„๋กœ์„ธ์Šค์˜ ์ข…๋ฅ˜ ์ž.. 2022. 12. 6.
[1์ฃผ์ฐจ] OS Overview OS Overview ์šด์˜์ฒด์ œ์˜ ์—ญํ•  1. User Interface (ํŽธ๋ฆฌ์„ฑ) CUI (Character User Interface) GUI (Graphical User Interface) EUCI (End-User Comfortable Interface) 2. Resource Management (ํšจ์œจ์„ฑ) HW resource SW resource 3. Process and Thread Management 4. System Management ์ปดํ“จํ„ฐ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์˜ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ โœ” ์šด์˜์ฒด์ œ: System Call Interface + Kernel โœ” System Call Interface: ์‚ฌ์šฉ์ž๊ฐ€ ์ง์ ‘ Kernerl์„ ์ œ์–ดํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ํ•„์š”ํ•œ ๊ธฐ๋Šฅ๋งŒ ์š”์ฒญํ•˜๋„๋ก ํ•˜๋Š” ์ธํ„ฐํŽ˜์ด์Šค ์šด์˜์ฒด์ œ์˜ ๊ตฌ๋ถ„ 1. ๋™์‹œ ์‚ฌ์šฉ์ž.. 2022. 12. 5.