๋ณธ๋ฌธ ๋ฐ”๋กœ๊ฐ€๊ธฐ

โญ Group_Study/Networking33

[3์ฃผ์ฐจ] TCP์˜ Segment Structure TCP: Segment Structure TCP์˜ ํŠน์ง• โœ” point-to-point: one sender(socket), one receiver(socket) โœ” reliable, inorder byte stream โœ” piplelined โœ” full duplex: ์–‘๋ฐฉํ–ฅ data flow โœ” send & receive buffers: ๊ฐ๊ฐ ๋Œ€์‘๋˜๋Š” ๋ฒ„ํผ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์Œ โœ” connection oriented โœ” flow controlled โœ” condition controll TCP segment์˜ ๊ตฌ์กฐ โœ” ๊ฐ ํ—ค๋” ํ•„๋“œ์˜ ์˜๋ฏธ๋ฅผ ํŒŒ์•…ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒŒ ์ค‘์š”ํ•˜๋‹ค โœ” src/dest port#: 16bit -> 0 ~ 2^16 - 1 โœ” seq# โœ” ACK# โœ” checksum: ์—๋Ÿฌ ํ™•์ธ โœ” receive win.. 2022. 10. 5.
[3์ฃผ์ฐจ] Pipelined Protocols: GBN & Selective repeat Pipelined Protocols: GBN & Selective repeat RDT 3.0: stop and wait operation โœ” ์‹ ๋ขฐ์„ฑ์€ ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ ์†๋„๋Š” ๋งค์šฐ ๋Š๋ฆฌ๋‹ค... โœ” U(utilazation): fraction of time sender busy sending โœ” ํ•œ ๋ฒˆ์— ํ•˜๋‚˜์”ฉ ๋ณด๋‚ด๊ณ  ๋Œ€๊ธฐํ•˜๋Š” ๊ณผ์ •์ด ๋งค์šฐ ๋น„ํšจ์œจ์  Piplelined protocols โœ” Pipline Protocol : ํ•œ ๋ฒˆ์— ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ๊ฐœ๋ฅผ ๋ณด๋ƒ„์œผ๋กœ์จ ํšจ์œจ์„ ๋†’์ธ๋‹ค! โœ” Go-Back-N ๋ฐฉ์‹ โœ” Selective Repeat ๋ฐฉ์‹ Go - Back - N โœ” window: ํ•œ ๋ฒˆ์— ๋ณด๋‚ผ ํŒจํ‚ท์˜ ์–‘ โœ” ACK๊ฐ€ cumulativeํ•˜๋‹ค. -> ACK(n) โœ” ๊ฐ๊ฐ์˜ ํŒจํ‚ท์€ ํƒ€์ด๋จธ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค. โœ” n๋ฒˆ ํŒจํ‚ท์—์„œ ti.. 2022. 10. 4.
[2์ฃผ์ฐจ] Principles of Reliable Data Transfer Principles of Reliable Data Transfer โœ” reliable ํ•˜๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ... - ์‹ค์งˆ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ ์ „๋‹ฌ๋˜๋Š” underlying network๋Š” reliable ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋‹ค!. โœ” Unreliable Channel์—์„œ๋Š”? - Message error - Message loss Simple Reliable Data Transfer Protocol์„ ๊ฐ€์ •ํ•˜์ž 1. Perfect Channel์ด๋ผ๋ฉด? โœ” No packet errors โœ” No packet loss 2. Packet error๊ฐ€ ์กด์žฌํ•˜๋Š” Channel์ด๋ผ๋ฉด? ์—๋Ÿฌ๋ฅผ ์ฒ˜๋ฆฌํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋ฌด์—‡์ด ํ•„์š”ํ• ๊นŒ? 1. Error detection - Checksum 2. Feedback (reciever) - Acknowledgemen.. 2022. 9. 27.
[2์ฃผ์ฐจ] Connectionless transport : UDP Connectionless transport : UDP UDP์˜ Segment โœ” ๊ฐ ํ”„๋กœํ† ์ฝœ์˜ ํ—ค๋” ์ •๋ณด๋ฅผ ์ž˜ ์•Œ์•„์•ผํ•จ (ํ•ด๋‹น ํ•„๋“œ ์ •๋ณด๋Š” ํ”„๋กœํ† ์ฝœ์˜ ๋™์ž‘ ์›๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ธ๋‹ค) โœ” 4๊ฐœ์˜ ํ—ค๋” -> ๋™์ž‘์ด ๋‹จ์ˆœํ•˜๋‹ค โœ” ํ•œ ํ•„๋“œ๋Š” 16๋น„ํŠธ source port, dest port โœ” 6๋งŒ ์—ฌ ๊ฐœ์˜ ํฌํŠธ ๋ฒˆํ˜ธ (2^16) โœ” dest port ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜์œผ๋กœ ๋””๋ฉ€ํ‹ฐํ”Œ๋ ‰์‹ฑ checksum โœ” ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ ์ „์†ก ๋„์ค‘์— ์—๋Ÿฌ ์—ฌ๋ถ€ ํŒ๋‹จ -> ์—๋Ÿฌ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์—ˆ์„ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์˜ฌ๋ฆฌ์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ  ๋“œ๋ž ์‹œํ‚จ๋‹ค! UDP๋Š” ์•„๋ฌด๊ฒƒ๋„ ์•ˆ ํ•œ๋‹ค? ์–ธ๋œป ๋ณด๋ฉด ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์ง€๋งŒ transport layer๊ฐ€ ํ•ด์•ผํ•  ๊ธฐ๋ณธ์ ์ธ ์ผ 2๊ฐ€์ง€๋ฅผ ํ•ด์ค€๋‹ค โœ” multiplexing - demultiplexing (๋ฉ”์„ธ์ง€ ์ „์†ก) โœ” ์—๋Ÿฌ ์ฒดํฌ 2022. 9. 27.
[2์ฃผ์ฐจ] Transport Layer- Multiplexing_Demultiplexing Transport Layer: Multiplexing & Demultiplexing Multiplexing / Demultiplexing Multiplexing โœ” Sender๊ฐ€ Application Layer์—์„œ Transport Layer๋กœ ํŒจํ‚ท์„ ์ „๋‹ฌํ•  ๋•Œ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ์†Œ์ผ“์˜ ํŒจํ‚ท(๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ + ํ—ค๋”)์„ ํ•˜๋‚˜์˜ ์ƒˆ๊ทธ๋จผํŠธ๋กœ ์บก์Šํ™” ํ•˜์—ฌ Network Layer์— ์ „๋‹ฌํ•˜๋Š” ๊ณผ์ • โœ” ์‰ฝ๊ฒŒ ๋งํ•ด์„œ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ์†Œ์ผ“์˜ ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ์™€ ํ—ค๋”๋ฅผ ์„ธ๊ทธ๋จผํŠธ๋กœ ๋ชจ์œผ๋Š” ๊ณผ์ •! Demultiplexing โœ” Transport layer ์—์„œ Application layer๋กœ ์„ธ๊ทธ๋จผํŠธ๋ฅผ ์ „๋‹ฌ ํ•  ๋•Œ, ์˜ฌ๋ฐ”๋ฅธ ์†Œ์ผ“์œผ๋กœ ์ „๋‹ฌ๋˜๋„๋ก ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ณผ์ • โœ” ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์˜ฌ๋ฐ”๋ฅธ ์†Œ์ผ“์œผ๋กœ ์ „๋‹ฌํ• ๊นŒ? - ์„ธ๊ทธ๋จผํŠธ์˜ ํ—ค๋” ์ •๋ณด๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉํ•ด์„œ ์ „๋‹ฌ! UDP์—์„œ์˜ demultipl.. 2022. 9. 27.
[2์ฃผ์ฐจ] Application Layer - Socket ์†Œ์ผ“์ด๋ž€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ธ๊ฐ€? ์• ํ”Œ๋ฆฌ์ผ€์ด์…˜ ํ”„๋กœ์„ธ์Šค๋ผ๋ฆฌ์˜ ํ†ต์‹  -> ํด๋ผ์ด์–ธํŠธ ํ”„๋กœ์„ธ์Šค - ์„œ๋ฒ„ ํ”„๋กœ์„ธ์Šค ๊ฐ„์˜ ํ†ต์‹  โœ” OS๊ฐ€ ์ œ๊ณตํ•ด์ฃผ๋Š” API์˜ ์ผ์ข…์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค ์• ํ”Œ๋ฆฌ์ผ€์ด์…˜์€ ๋ฐ”๋กœ ๋ฐ‘์— ์žˆ๋Š” Transport Layer๊ฐ€ ์ œ๊ณตํ•ด์ฃผ๋Š” ๊ธฐ๋Šฅ์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•œ๋‹ค. -> TCP socket or UDP socket Socket API (TCP) โœ” ์„œ๋ฒ„๋Š” ๊ธฐ๋ณธ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ˆ˜๋™์ ์ด๋‹ค(ํด๋ผ์ด์–ธํŠธ์˜ ์š”์ฒญ์ด ๋Œ์•„์˜ฌ ๋•Œ๊นŒ์ง€ ๋Œ€๊ธฐ) โœ” ํด๋ผ์ด์–ธํŠธ๊ฐ€ connect ์š”์ฒญ์„ ๋ณด๋‚ด๋ฉด ๋‘ ์†Œ์ผ“์ด ์—ฐ๊ฑธ๋œ๋‹ค. (Read - Write) Socekt ๊ฐ„ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ์ •๊ณผ ํ•จ์ˆ˜๋“ค Function: socket โœ” int type: ํ•ด๋‹น ์†Œ์ผ“์ด UDP type ์ธ์ง€ TCP type์ธ์ง€ ๊ฒฐ์ •ํ•ด์ฃผ๋Š” ์ธ์ž โœ” ์ƒ์„ฑํ•œ ์†Œ์ผ“์˜ id / idx ๋ฐ˜ํ™˜ Function: bi.. 2022. 9. 26.